• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A process for the production of ferrochromium from iron-containing chromium ores, in which the reduction of the ore, which is mixed with coal and slag-forming constituents, is conducted in a rotary kiln at 1480 DEG to 1580 DEG C. in the presence of a CO-containing atmosphere from 20 to 240 minutes, and in which melting follows in a melting furnace at 1600 DEG to 1700 DEG C. By this process, the greatest part of the gangue of the ore can be separated off before melting the reduced ore.
    公开号:SU1241999A3
    申请号:SU843828800
    申请日:1984-12-21
    公开日:1986-06-30
    发明作者:Ульрих Клаус；Янсен Вильхельм；Нойшуц Дитер；Хостер Томас；Дер Херманн；Радке Дитрих
    申请人:Фрид.Крупп Гмбх (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    6. Method according to PP.1--5, about tl and - h and y and with the fact that the reaction product unloaded from the rotary kiln is cooled at a rate of less than you re to Gh, to temperatures Ы below the Curie point ferrochrome.
    7. The method according to claims 1-6, about tl and - h and y n and i. so that each metal rich metal is crushed to obtain a particle size of less than 5 mm, and then separated by metal depletion of the slag and guided and smelting furnace by dividing the metal into a metal-depleted and metal-smelting furnace. .
    8. Method according to R1, 1-7, about tl, which is due to the fact that each metal-depleted Chinacose fraction is crushed to obtain a particle size of 0 mm, 5 mm, and then separated by density and / or magnetic separation. chlkovoy and trl.
    9. Method according to iin, l-8; About t l li a (;; {n p with l so that the frac- tion fraction was found to have a particle size less than 0.2 mm and was separated by (1 iliotatsii in the metal-free l lakspuyu fraction and ipaHcnop rnpye - My 13 hashville kiln1) is doped1 {th fraction, and the doped fractions are dried before the melting process
    10. The method according to claims. I distinguish between them and with the fact that the tiacTb is treated with a fraction of particles with a particle diameter less than 1 mm in a pulverized into a melting furnace,
    P., the method according to claims 1-10, of which it is so that a part of the l & frac- tion fraction with a particle diameter less than 1 mm and also coal with a particle diameter less than 1 mm I suspend it in the gas inlet and blow it into the air through a nozzle located in the furnace from the side of the surface of the metal bath, then through the nozzle adjacent to this socket, oxygen is injected into the air inlet.
    .1.2, The method according to PP., 1-11, DIFFERENT y u and, and with that, - that through. viyoshiyu. a pipe with a shirt, races of 1ulol; epio1o in a melting furnace, on the side of the surface of the metal bath, is injected a suspension of the doping fraction, coal and carrier gas, and oxygen is blown into the chamber through the inner pipe of the nozzle with the jacket.
    13. The method according to claims 1-12, about tl and - .4 a y i and also with the fact that per 1 kg of the alloying fraction introduced into the smelting furnace, 0.4-1.0 kg of coal is blown into the melt stoichiometric oxygen for coal mass
    from the side of the metal bath surface,
    14. The method according to IP. 1-13, that is, with the fact that I use as the carrier gas at least a part of the off-gas of the smelting nenvf.
    15. Method of type 1-14, about tl and - h and y 1c and with the fact that the technical waste gas of the melting furnace serves as the LD1 semi-coking of coal, which is blown into the surface of the metal bath from the side
    16. The method according to ip.1-15, about tl and - h and y and the fact that the waste gas of the melting furnace, not used as a carrier gas, and coke gas, obtained with ioluxo - coal, in a rotary kiln.
    17. The method according to claims 1-16, of which it is io, and that the waste of 1CI gas of the rotary kiln is lifted and the heat content of the burned exhaust gas is used in part to preheat the chromium ores and slag-forming additives.
    18.S. method according to pi. 1-1 7, o tl and - h and y and i, so that the melt periodically oxidizes; and are desulfurized by blowing oxygen and supplying CaO and / or CaCl2.
    19. The method according to claims 4 and 7, wherein the melted slag formed in the melting furnace is cooled, crushed and mixed with metal-containing slag-rich fractions.
    PRIOR of paragraphs
    12/31/83 on Clause 1, paragraphs 3-19;
    08/30/84 on p. 2.
    The invention relates to ferrous metallurgy, in particular, to a method for producing ferrochrome with a carbon content of 0.02-10% of iron-containing chrome ore by heating a mixture consisting of chrome ore, solid carbon-containing tonnage and slag-forming additives, during rotation. A kiln of furnace and the subsequent melting of ferrochrome from the reaction product, which is discharged from the rotary kiln before melting and cooled.
    The purpose of the invention is to save energy consumption due to the process of recovery and melting at low temperatures using carbon as a reducing agent and supplier of heat of melted iron. In particular, it is necessary to achieve that the float process can proceed at a temperature below 1750 ° C and that it is possible to separate the predominant part of the gangstone before the ILaA p5y, reduced by carbon, without melting the gangue.
    In addition, it is necessary to achieve that the raw materials (chromium ore, yi onb and slag-forming additives) can be introduced without expensive pre-treatment and without re-oxidation of the ore that has been restored.
    The invention is based on the fact that the mixture consisting of chromium ore, coal, and slag-forming deposits, in which the ratio of ore to coal is from 1: 0.4 to 1: 2 and slag-forming the additives of Cao and / or MgO, as well as A12.0z and / or SiOj, are introduced in such an amount that their ratio in the slag is (CaO + MgO): (- SiOi) from 1: 1.4 to 1:10 and that AlgOz: SiOj ratio. reaches from 1: 0.5 to 1: 5, heated in a rotary kiln for 20-240 minutes in an atmosphere containing CO, up to 1480-1580 ° C, which is the reaction product, free of charge from the rotary kiln
    is crushed to obtain a particle diameter of less than 25 mm, which makes the crushed reaction product of a naked separation of density and / or magnetic separation 1 classified into coal; th 4) before, directing back into the rotary kiln at least a metal-containing, slag-rich fraction and the doping fraction transported to the smelting furnace, and that the melting of the doping fraction occurs in the smelting furnace at 1600-1700 s.
    According to the invention, in a rotary kiln, which may be embodied as a rotary kiln or rotary kiln,
    the degree of reduction of chromium and iron reaches 90-98%. This leads to the fact that the mixture of chrome ore, coal and slag-forming additives in the recovery process goes into
    a pasty state, with the agglomeration of individual particles and the formation of small metallic cannels. However, during the roller mill in the rotary kiln, the granular structure of the injected mixture is maintained. There is no noticeable re-oxidation of the metal particles, since the metal droplets included in the reducing material have a relatively small amount. The surface, in contrast to the known reduction methods, where the original structure of the ore is maintained. In addition, the product was reacted, remaining
    rotary 1 1 of the furnace, contains a minor part of chromium oxide, so that it does not require subsequent reduction in its melting. In addition, carbides are not formed during the reduction.
    xp (5 mA, and ferrochrome alloy is obtained. Therefore, the material discharged from the rotary kiln is melted at low temperatures. G1: the evacuation of the reaction product unloaded from the rotary kiln occurs after cooling and separating the coal residues, as well as most of the housing Due to the fact that in a mixture consisting of ore, coal and slag-forming additives, ore and coal are set to 1: 0.4 to 1: 2, then the reduction process is achieved in the converging furnace, and melt kiln kiln is the optimal melting process. The raw mix in a rotary kiln quickly turns into a pasty state if the slag has a ratio of 1 (CaO + + MgO): (+ SiOj) and AljOa: SiOfe
    in accordance with the invention.
    By crushing the reaction product discharged from the rotary kiln according to the invention to particles with a diameter of less than 25 m, most of the vein and the unreconstructed coal contained in the material being unloaded is separated. Separation of the ground product of the reaction pas and, to | 11raki; It provides the ability to enrich the previously recovered .jTi alloy of ferrochrome in front of the plasmelm. Irg; .DELECTION OF ADMINISTRATION; ol of the slag-forming additives in the recovery process is necessary; er; ka ea CaO, MgO, and SiOeB chrome ore n in sojie coal.
    The mixture, cocTOHUyjo from chromium ore of u1 l and lulacrumming additives, to penetrate the herds of the process is heated in a brazing furnace in the atmosphere, containing CO, for 30-90 bp JV- 11 00-1. a c; atem - P leakage of the ES-90 I.M} to lUn-KiSO C. Since VSS. since chromium oxide is beginning with; aet- with i.i v; i.4n j e-nnmx with the coil-carrying materials with Terufoparvpe. iifi 1200 il), then pa per-: O :; ;; ; vnen; f prsdpao L-gel wow); ossga- | {o .. lr.and 1 00-i l. in accordance with the order of the in; j ;; a4ri i Cj / .bHG; -i cl gli yostavav-C) Kncj; ti. eji € 3aj soder: p.1: 1, EU; g; l: s. : oh; zoy ru; / - ;. Boso ae at E 1 ohm;:; o, noi; o o -; times em malepykh liquid .pielkm- 1 around: 1 уг ug.yr2rod and krem- 1gl, o6ra:; m.) As a result of lioc.c / ; A1 OBL; n: - l part of SiOj, containing--. g: g. As shown by aialn-: ii-i, ir.usdsy 1Y: with ncMOj; fcio nnK11S, about: schA. . (. l-7-1blg.11 ..-. aza, development: r; pn5l HJ lu.MjHOH ci yKc .i iH prehearn, th h) sr r; lpo11.gn.p1№, s; :) D €: Т: Ж7 м.еlezo (as OCHOJ3HOJ: 1; omt1ОИ () и:: рмкккй д.с 19%;. / И1 cartoon .Т11) JTopc) n with Л corner лгЛ npcvO- a- v, xro, fjbi: oi o ;; os ... 1 {C 1gl., Mrspedep, gey prl l iOO-1D80 with dos gigayug yiie- |, -; - ti ii pa: n / ipa of megugallic kilograms o 3pa.OE iH} rux on napiioii stays at ured-iTuiit.Horo. joccTanoijiierinn J n hl () IM1GL) L 400-1, Hrojich, OORG .., 1 B LT: 11O1 about 3 npoij / iccf; 1) oss-) acho-, Diet stamei: - rijionjiapu / re.Tibnor los.t9.N. g cladding of crc is characteristic of the class; o - c-fc-ib) aeo-wah zsOs och e per; 1turnyh kg-ábldou chromium and cause the relative .from due to this, the technological process of oiiepaipin is simplified for the preparation of pro-;
    The proposed method is the most affective if suyu, I consist of chromic ore, coal and slag-like; jyroui, HX additives, are heated in a rotary kiln for 20-120 minutes with
    0
    5 0 5
    five
    0
    five
    0
    five
    0
     51 0-1560 ° C, the ratio (CaO + MgO) is set in the slag; ; (+ SiOg) from 1: 3 to 1: 5.5, and
    SiOp reaches
    ratio from: 0.8 to 1 :: 2.5.
    It is envisaged that in a mixture consisting of chrome ore, coal, and slag forming additives, chromium ore and / and the formation of additives have a particle diameter of 5 mm, and coal, a peak of 15 mmg. It is necessary to granulate or pelletize the raw materials before introducing them into the rotary kiln, since with these particle parameters the process recovers jjCHiiH lo1; 1 the furnace kiln occurs without interference, and it is possible to load any granulated or granulated furnace raw: JOy mixture.
    In addition, SiO is added to the mixture consisting of chrome ore, coal, hylakoobrazuyu Shch x additives, in the enemy, only in the case when the mixture reaches a temperature of more than 1200 C. the degree of formation of 1 is eliminated;
    Unloading the rotary kiln, the product rsax-1 is cooled down with a speed of less than 700 C / h up to. temperature ai; e. points Shori ferrochromium, with the outgrowth of the material: it takes on ferromagnetic properties and can be magnetically magnetic due to its effectiveness.
    |; goiter 7) etepism is provided for 1 akha that mell gallsod, august a rich; jii; The iKOM fraksh is crushed to a hemisphere of laciinj, i-ieiiee 5 mm, and then puyum section. in terms of density and / or Marnni noii seprations, they separate the dining room with metal iijjiaKOBy. o and doped frc: 1kcc.i, this is the last transport to the melting furnace. This software preparatory solution increases the yield of the obtained ferrochrome. Then, each metal-depleted fraction of the ooze is crushed to obtain particles of less than 0.5 we, and then the slag fraction is separated by density and / or magnetic separator, and the alloy is transported to the smelting furnace. With this training stage, the further output of the received fer1; ochrome is obtained. Finally, tse; 1 is advisable.
    if the slag fraction is crushed to obtain particles of less than 0.2 mm and the metal-free slag fraction is separated by flotation, and the alloying fraction is transported to a gas kiln, while the alloying fraction is dried before melting. Thanks to the flotation preparation, the last metal residues from the donkey fractions can be extracted.
    A part of the alloying fraction with a particle diameter below I mm is blown into the melt located in the melting furnace, and from the top or J5 on the iron side of the metal bath surface. By injecting a portion of the alloying fraction into the melt, a uniform melting process is achieved. An alloying fraction of go with a particle diameter of -20 more than 1 mm is loaded into gi1av1 “1 pnu from the top.
    Preferably, a portion of the doping fraction and coal with a particle diameter of less than mm are suspended in a carrier gas 25 and blown into the melt with the help of a nozzle located in the melting furnace on the lower side of the metal bath surface. At the same time This is the scog, oxygen is flowing into the melt. By co-blowing these substances, a uniform melting process is achieved with optimal mixing of the melt and slag. Through the outer tube of the nozzle with the jacket, located on the lower side of the surface of the metal wagger in the melting furnace, a suspension of the doping fraction, coal, gas-Q carrier is blown, and oxygen is blown into the melt through the inner tube of the jacket nozzle. A nozzle with a jacket should be used to introduce individual substances into the smelting furnace.
    It is provided for each kilogram of the alloying Fractional introduced into the melting furnace into the melt to inject 0.4-1.0 kg of coal and a stoichiometric amount of 1 of oxygen for the coal mass (kp of CO production) from the lower side of the metal bath surface. With such a ratio, a sufficiently large amount of heat is melted in the melting furnace, and carbon is not accumulated in the melt. The efficiency of the proposed method increases due to the fact that
    50
    )about
    J5 0
    5 o Q
    five
    0
    The lower part of the off-gas from the melting furnace is used as a carrier gas for a part of the alloying fraction, as well as for fine-grained coal, which is blown into the melt. However, other inert gases, in particular nitrogen, can also be used as a gas-impeller.
    The heat of the waste gas from the smelting furnace is used for the semi-coking of coal, which is blown into the melt from the bottom of the metal bath surface. This removes the volatile components, resulting in a semi-coke. Coke compared to coal has; A higher content of heat used, which favorably affects the melting process. For the energy balance of the described method, it is especially beneficial when the gas coming from the furnace furnace, not used as a carrier gas, and the gas formed during coal coking,. It is burned in a rotary kiln, and also when the waste gas from the rotary kiln is burned and heat is used at least partially to preheat the ore and slag-like additives, the recovery time does not include the preheating time of the raw materials.
    Then the melt is periodically desulfurized by adding CaO and / or CaC, and also is oxidized by blowing oxygen. Oxidation and waste sulfur can occur either directly in the melting furnace, or in an additionally connected second melting unit. Cao and SaSa. can be suspended in a stream of nitrogen, which. blown into the melt through the inner tube nozzle with a shirt. By oxidizing and removing sulfur, the carbon content can be reduced to 0.02%, and the sulfur content can be reduced to 0.01%. During oxidation, the melt temperature will decrease from 1700 ° C. Finally, the molten brine formed in the melting furnace is cooled, crushed and mixed with metal-containing slag-rich fractions. Due to this, the regeneration of the metal parts present in the molten slag is largely achieved.
    7
    The drawing shows the technological scheme of the proposed method.
    Chromium ore is transported from the storage bin 1 via pipeline 2, containing iron, the particle size of which is 5 mm, D is a counterflow heat sink; From the storage bin 3, the slag-forming supplements are transported: CaO, MgO and AljOj, having a particle size of 5 mm, via conduit 4 to the countercurrent heat exchange P1K 5 o. The mixture consisting of ore and slag forming add-ons is agglomerated in a countercurrent 5 to 1000 Counterflow pumps feed gulchim waste with sp-gas, KOTOpbiii is supplied via pipeline b. The cooled 1cpe gases are transported through conduit 7 from countercurrent heat exchange to 5 and then released into the atmosphere. The preheated raw material enters the rotary-tubular furnace through conduit 9. In addition, the rotary kiln 8 from the spare bugsher 10 serves coal, the size of which is 5 mm.
    The immobile tubular hedgehog-8 is heated by squeezing fine-grained coal, which is fed into the burner II 113 of the reserve bunker 12 through conduit 13 and from there through conduit 14 enters a rotating tubular furnace 8. Heated by rotating the tubing The furnaces are preferably carried out in countercurrent to the open source and corrosive raw materials. However, heating may also be carried out directly in the flow, as is shown in the drawing. The preheated raw material and coal, which entered the rotary tubular furnace 8, are heated to 1100-1250 C and kept at this temperature for about 45 apI in the first zone of the furnace, the first preparative is heated, and the heat in which it is regenerated and largely restored iron oxides. Then the mixture when far
    The furthest supply of heat enters the Secondary-Yyo zone, where its first spine is for 1400-1480 with approximately 45 missions, which leads to a helium, and the quality and size of the metal droplets. In the third zone of the rotary tubular furnace 8, the temperature is advantageously maintained at 1310-1560 ° C. The reaction product is maintained in these conditions
    ju 15 20 25
    zo
    35
    0
    five
    9998
    The TROUBLESHOOTING is about 60 minutes and, at the same time, it becomes a pasty state, there is an enlargement of metal droplets and the agglomeration of many particles of regenerated material. In the rotary tubular furnace 8, the metal phase and the gangue are separated, and the doughy condition of the reconstituted material does not result in adhesion to the lining of the rotary tubular furnace 8. The adhesion can be prevented, in particular, by providing the rotary tubular furnace with magnesite lining which contains additives of chromium oxide and / or coal and / or resin. In the zone of rotation of the furnace 8, where the temperature exceeds 1200 ° C, pipelines / 15 from the spare bunker 6 are used to introduce SiOj, which is not suitable for slag-forming, whose particle size (5 mm. the SiO content of coal ash, from the spare bunker 16 only the amount of SiO that is necessary for producing the doughy state is fed in. Pipeline 17 goes to the combustion chamber 18 of the gas containing CO, which is then squeezed out of the rotary tubular furnace.
    Discharging 1 from a rotating tube furnace 8, the material flows through conduit 19 into the coolant: the chamber 1 20, 1 de it is cooled at a rate of 700 ° C, per hour to a temperature below the Curie point of ferrochrome. At the same time, oklazhdepg ferrochrome acquires ferro-aluminum properties; The cooling unit and the rotary tube furnace 8 material and the flow is then supplied via conduit 21 to the crusher 22, where it is crushed to obtain a particle diameter. 25 mm. Then, the crushed material from the rotary tubular furnace is transported through conduit 23 to magnetic separator 24, where the material is divided into a non-magnetic coal containing metal-containing slag-rich and metal-rich doping fractions. Carbonaceous fraction through the pipeline; 25, the expanding tube furnace 8 is supplied, and the alloying fraction rich in metal is fed through pipelines 26 and 37, and the reserve tank 28.
    Neta; a bluish-containing slag-rich fraction is transported through conduit 29 to chalk 30, where it is ground to 5 mm particles. The ground material is then transported via conduit 31 to an air concentrate table 32, where the mixture is divided by B according to different density of air flow to the alloyed and metal-depleted pi fractions. The alloying fraction enters through pipelines 33 and 27 into the spare bunker 28, and the metal-depleted slag fraction is transported via pipeline 34 to the collar 35, where it is crushed to produce particles of 0.5 mm in size. The Grinding Grade P1a of the endpenpena metal slag fraction enters through the pipe - to the speaker 36 to the air concentrated table 37, where the division into legs of the head, side and face, takes place, about the fraction. The doping fraction is transported through the pipeline: 38 and 27 into the spare bunker 28, and the Hilakova fraction through the piperopod 35 enters the mealypch.1, at 40. In the mill 40, it is crushed to obtain particle size. 0.2 mm of izgo-; spruce) P1a so that the EI-yakovka “-raction” is then supplied via conduit 4 to the electrical equipment, ionic device 42, where the separation into alloying and metal-free slag fraction occurs. The alloying fraction is transported through conduit 43 to the dryer p4, and the metal-free slag fraction from conduit 45 is deposited where it is stored. The alloying fraction is dried in a dryer 44 and then passed through conduit 1 46 and 27 to a storage bin 28.
    Separate metal-containing alloy fractions are mixed in an зап зап с с silo 28 and sent through conduit 47 to a vibrating screen 48, where they are separated. fraction of grains with size. particles 1 mm. The fraction of grains with a size of 1 mm particles is introduced through conduit 49 and exhaust hood 50 into melting furnace 51. Fraction of grains with a particle diameter. 1 mm enters the melting furnace 51 through a pipe of 52 c EXTERNAL, pipe. 53 nozzles with a ruler. In the melting furnace 51, there is a melt consisting of ferrochrome, which is released in parts from the smelting nets 51 for some time through the discharge device.
    ten
    15
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    five
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    54, the slag is removed from the melting furnace 51 at certain time intervals through the discharge device.
    55, Waste gas of a melting furnace, accumulated in exhaust hood 50, is-. Partially used as a gas-nose and a cable but TRZ bonuses 56, 57
    and 52, as well as the outer pipe 53 of the nozzle with the jacket, are directed back to the flow paths. Through the internal pipe 58 of the nozzle with the jacket from the reserve tank 59, through the pipeline 60, oxygen is blown into the melt, jc of which is supplied in the storage tank 62 and having a particle size of 1 mm. Waste TsSPT: gas from the smelting furnace 51 enters the pipeline 63 into the semi-coking device 64, to which coal from the spare bunker 12 is fed through the pipeline 65 with a particle diameter of 1 mm. The flue gas from the furnace 51 and the coke oven gas from the 64-nol-coking device 64 are supplied to the burner 11 through the pipeline 66 and then blown off. The semi-coke from the semi-coking device 64 is transported via conduit 67 to the storage bin 68 and stored there. From there, the semi-coke is suspended in the carrier gas and blown through the pipelines 57 and 52 together with the doping fraction into the molten metal.
    II p and m about r. For best ferrochrome ispol1) 3ut iron-containing chromium ore composition,%: Crg.0z 46; KeO 28.2; MgO 10; SlOj.,; AljOg 1.4.2; CaO 0.5, Ore is measured to obtain particles with a measure of j (2 mm, Bezsdn1) and the coal used for recovery, has the composition,%: ash 18.8; carbon 73.6; hydrogen 3.2 nitrogen 1.5. The coal is crushed to a particle size of 15 gm. Ash. . .used coal has main components,%; SiO; .52; thirty.; CaO 5; MgO 2. 350 kg of crushed ore and kg of crushed coal (1: 1 ratio) are loaded into a rotating drum.
    , Vratsauda with a drum oven has. A fuser from H1EOlMomagnezit and preheated is set before loading with a mixture of ore and coal to 1600 C. An oxygen burner is used to heat the furnace, which is used to supply 4 kilograms of fine coal and 3 N m3 of oxygen to each furnace, so that air is introduced into the furnace so that outgoing
    111
    The rotary drum furnace gas contains 25 vol.% C0 "and 12 vol.% CO. The mixture of ore and coal is maintained in a rotary drum furnace for 70 minutes at 1540 C. Due to the composition of the ore and coal, in this case there is no need to introduce a drum furnace into the rotating drum additive.
    Unloading from rotating drum nechi material- is transported to the tank, covered with coal and cooled 4 hours before. The material contains 45% of particles with a size of 20 mm and 50% of particles with a particle size of 1 O mm. The smoothed material has visible, metal-shaped metal particles. Then the material is crushed to a particle size of 10 mm and, by means of zagite separation, is divided into a metal-containing 11 o1 (60%): and carbon-containing (40%) fraction.cr. The metal-containing fractions of lol1 are added to particles of the size of C 2 them. Izmslcheg 1sh soder; kai1; al stand. 1/3 and a half-hour, jpieiouuix size 0.3 mm, and a metal content of 80%. This finely divided part: the porous layer is separated and referred to the /: eGf. Then, the remainder of the mthalls1.) Of the larger fraction is separated by .iyre. dry ra ;; dol {1; pi but densities in ooedngknuyu met; i1lom ilakouyu and Rich metal dopant (1 TRAC metal-rich legirz moiety fraction consists na 90% of ferrohromp and 10% of iihaka depleted metal was Cova frak1Ts1Ya comprises (yutatok ferrochrome which further dozhen be separated. From the slag fraction with a particle size of 0.3-2 mm after grinding to obtain particles with a size of 0.1 mm, the particles are separated by pent metal separator 11) p particles and mixed with a metal-rich alloying fraction. slag; arising D rezul The amount of magnetic hay) acin, up to 1% is 5%.




    The fraccid alloy is melted in a netni with a melt capacity of 3 tons, in which 1200 kg of metal is located with a temperature of 1650 C. Through the Bjiemime pipes of three nozzles with a scoop, located in the center of the melting furnace, blown into the melt; in a minute 3 kg of small coal. Through the inner pipes of the three nozzles with a jacket to the melt
    serves every minute bn
    sour12

    5 0 5 0 i; c 5
    0
    five
    metal - 1750 S. At
    kind of. In the expanded metal, the carbon content is set to 3% by weight.%. The fine-grained part of the metal-rich sculpt fraction with a particle size of 0.5 mm is blown together with the coal into the melt, and the remaining metal-rich lighter fraction is fed through a zoit extract into the smelting furnace. The rate of the IIC in the smelting furnace slag has the ratio (CaO + MgO): (SiOa +) 1: 2.5 and the ratio J SiO 2. 1: 1. At the melting point of ferrochrome, the donkey is in a liquid state and, after melting, 1000 kg of metal is released.
    After removing the coal from the furnace of the donkey, the coal is reduced to 4 kg in the melt and 1-nute, and the temperature of the bath is increased by 2% by weight. Then through vtgutreinie pipes of three nozzles with rubi-Koi i blow into the melt every minute 8 kg of CaO, suspended} in nitrogen. As a result, the sulfur content in the refined gas is reduced by a value of 0.01%. Metal.11, taken from the melting furnace, consists of 56% chromium, 42% iron and 2% carbon.
    8 kg of fine coal are blown into the waste pelvis of the fusion furnace every minute. At the same time, the exhaust gas is cooled to 600-700 ° C and the volatile components of the coal are removed. The gas mixture consisting of coke oven gas and the cooled off-gas of a melting furnace is burned. The semi-coke obtained during the semi-coking of the coal is ground and blown into the smelting furnace through the external pipes of the three nozzles with the jacket.
    The yield of iron and chromium achieved during the process is 93%. The conditions of the example on a relatively small scale are different from the conditions of the process in the industry. I
    In the separation of a mixture consisting
    Pz particles of solids of various densities with a fine fraction of grains, the mixture is suspended in a stream of liquid 1 gas of gas. and fall out of this suspension. Acts with the same density in approximately the same place. During flotation, a mixture consisting of tea (s) with solids of different wettability is suspended in a liquid and blown into this suspension.
    13; 1.241999.
    air, and particles with low wettability. With magnet separation, the ferromagnetic particles are separated by the strength of the magnetic field.
    ability to be carried away by air flow and separated from particles with a high
    wettability. With magnet separation, the ferromagnetic particles are separated by the strength of the magnetic field.
    权利要求:
    Claims (19)
    [1]
    1. METHOD FOR PRODUCING FERROCHROME with a carbon content of 0.02-10% from iron-containing chromium ore by heating a mixture of chromium ore, solid fuel containing carbon, and slag-forming additives in a rotary kiln and subsequent melting of ferrochrome from the reaction product; which is unloaded before smelting, from a rotary kiln and cooled, which is characterized by the fact that, in order to save energy consumption, a mixture of chrome ore, coal and slag-forming additives, in which the ratio of ore to coal is from 1: 0.4. 1: 2, and the amount of slag-forming additives CaO and / or MgOj AljOj and / or. It is so that the ratio in the slag (CaO + MgO):
    : (AlgOj -F SiOx) is from 1: 1.4 to 1:10, and the ratio AI2.O3: Si0 z is from 1: 0.5 to 1: 5, heated in a rotary kiln for 20-240 min in an atmosphere containing СО, up to 1480-1580 ° С, the reaction product discharged from the rotary kiln is crushed to obtain particles smaller than 25 mm, the crushed reaction product is separated by density and / or magnetic separation into a carbon-containing fraction, sent back to the rotary kiln, at least a metal-containing, slag-rich fraction and an alloying fraction transported to the smelter, and melting the legir the fractions are carried out in a melting furnace at 1600-1700 ° C.
    [2]
    2. The method of pop. 1, characterized by the fact that the mixture of chrome ore, coal and slag-forming additives is heated in a rotary kiln in an atmosphere containing CO for 30-90 minutes to 1100-1250 ° C and then 30-90 min to 1400-1480 ° C.
    [3]
    3. The method of pops 1 and 2, characterized in that the mixture of chromium ore, coal and slag-forming additives is heated in a rotary kiln for 20-120 min to 1510-1560 ° C, and the ratio (CaO + MgO) is established in the slag: (A1 g 0 a + SiOx) from 1: 3 to 1: 5.5 and the ratio A1 g 0 5 :: SiOg reaches from 1: 0.3 to 1: 2.5.
    [4]
    4. The method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the mixture ‘consisting of chromium ore, coal and slag-forming additives, chrome ore and slag-forming additives have a particle size of less than 5 mm and coal less than 15 mm.
    [5]
    5. The method according to claims 1 to 4, with the fact that SiO ^ is added to the mixture of chrome ore, coal and slag-forming additives in a rotary kiln at a temperature of more than 1,200 s .
    SU ,. „1241999 AZ
    [6]
    6, The method according to claims 1-5, with the exception that the reaction product unloaded from the rotary kiln is cooled at a rate of less than 700 ° C in 1 h, to a temperature below Curie points of ferrochrome.
    [7]
    7. The method according to claims 1-6, about t l and - h and yu and y. with the fact that each metal-containing metal-rich fracica is crushed to a particle size of less than 5 mm, and it is also separated by density and / or magnetic separation into a metal-depleted slag alloy and sent to the smelter. '.
    [8]
    8 "The method according to PP. 1-7 ', which consists in the fact that each metal-depleted slag fraction is crushed to a particle size of less than 0.5 mm, and it is also separated by density and / or magnetic separation to slag and transported to the smelter bake alloy fraction.
    [9]
    9. The method according to PP. 1-8. This is due to the fact that the slag fraction is crushed to a particle size of less than 0.2 mm and separated by flotation into a metal-free slag fraction and transported to the smelting furnace alloying fraction, wherein the alloying fraction is dried before the melting process.
    [10]
    10. The method according to claims 1-9, characterized by the fact that part of the alloying fraction with a particle diameter of less than 1 mm is blown into the melt in the melting furnace.
    [11]
    11., The method according to claims 1-10, with the fact that part of the alloying fraction with a particle diameter of less than 1 mm, as well as coal with a particle diameter of less than 1 mm, are suspended in a gas - carrier and injected into the melt through a nozzle located in the melting furnace on the lower side of the surface of the metal bath, at the same time through the nozzle adjacent to this nozzle, oxygen is supplied to the melt.
    ,
    [12]
    12. The method according to PP. 1-11, with the fact that through the external. a tube of a jacketed nozzle located in the smelting furnace is blown from the alloying fraction, coal and carrier gas from the lower side of the surface of the metal bath, and oxygen is blown into the melt through the jacketed jacketed tube.
    [13]
    13. The method according to claims 1-12, with the fact that for I kg of the alloying fraction introduced into the smelting furnace, 0.41.0 kg of coal and a stoichiometric amount of oxygen are blown into the melt coal mass on the lower side of the surface of the metal bath.
    [14]
    14. The method according to claims 1 to 13, with the fact that using at least a portion of the exhaust gas of the melting furnace as a carrier gas.
    [15]
    15. The method according to claims 1 to 14, with the fact that the heat of the exhaust gas of the melting furnace serves to semi-coking coal, which is then blown into the melt from the lower side of the surface of the metal bath.,
    [16]
    16. The method according to claims 1-15, with the fact that the exhaust gas of the melting furnace, not used as a carrier gas, and coke oven gas obtained during the semi-coking of coal are burned in a rotating ovens.
    [17]
    17. The method according to claims 1-16, with the fact that the exhaust gas of a rotary kiln is burned and the heat content of the burned exhaust gas is used at least partially for preheating of chrome ore and slag-forming additives.
    [18]
    18. The method according to pi.1-17, about tp μη and the second with the fact that the melt is periodically oxidized; and desulfurized by blowing oxygen. and the supply of CaO and / or CaSg.
    [19]
    19. The method of pp.G-18, and about l * h r and w and d w i with the molten Shpak formed in the melting furnace is cooled, pulverized and d are mixed with metal-rich slag fractions.
    And r and r and t et. By points
    12.31.83 according to claim 1, claims 3-19;
    30.08.84 p, 2.
    1 I 24
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    JPS60169542A|1985-09-03|
    FI844983L|1985-07-01|
    GR82520B|1985-04-08|
    FI75368B|1988-02-29|
    TR22208A|1986-09-25|
    PH22151A|1988-06-01|
    JPH0621316B2|1994-03-23|
    FI844983A0|1984-12-17|
    US4629506A|1986-12-16|
    FI75368C|1988-06-09|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE19833347686|DE3347686C1|1983-12-31|1983-12-31|Process for producing ferrochromium|
    DE19843431854|DE3431854C1|1984-08-30|1984-08-30|Process for producing ferrochromium|
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